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The future with werden: plans, predictions and assumptions

CEFR B1

What you will learn

  • Recognise the pattern taught in “The future with werden: plans, predictions and assumptions” in a short example.
  • Choose the appropriate form from “The future with werden: plans, predictions and assumptions” using explicit evidence.
  • Apply and justify the rule from “The future with werden: plans, predictions and assumptions” in a new case.

Before you start

  • Have studied “German present tense: endings and stem changes”.

The idea

German alternates a present tense with a time marker and Futur I with werden. Context makes the choice a plan, a forward-looking stance, a prediction or an assumption.

The form is conjugated werden in second position and the infinitive at the end: «Ich werde morgen kommen». In a subordinate clause, the finite form also moves to the end: «..., weil ich morgen kommen werde».

For a plan already located in time, the present is frequent: «Morgen fahre ich nach Berlin». The marker morgen supplies the future reference, so Futur I is not compulsory in every such context.

Futur I is clear in promises —«Ich werde dir helfen»—, predictions —«Es wird regnen»— and assumptions about the present: «Er wird schon zu Hause sein» can mean that he is probably home already. wohl or schon favour that reading, but context makes the final decision.

Do not confuse this werden with the lexical change-of-state verb —«Er wird Arzt»— or with the passive auxiliary —«Das Haus wird gebaut»—. They are different uses of the same verb, identified by the complement: an infinitive for Futur I, a participle for the passive and a predicative complement for change of state.

The form alone does not determine certainty. Adverbs, the type of claim and the communicative situation separate plans, predictions, promises and conjectures. This is a real alternation, not an absolute frequency rule.

Futur I: nine persons

ItemForm
1ich · werde · werde arbeiten
2du · wirst · wirst arbeiten
3er · wird · wird arbeiten
4sie (singular) · wird · wird arbeiten
5es · wird · wird arbeiten
6wir · werden · werden arbeiten
7ihr · werdet · werdet arbeiten
8sie (plural) · werden · werden arbeiten
9Sie · werden · werden arbeiten

Uses and contrasts

ItemForm
1plan with present and time marker · Morgen arbeite ich zu Hause.
2looking ahead · Morgen werde ich zu Hause arbeiten.
3assumption about the present · Er wird jetzt im Büro sein.
4passive, not future · Der Brief wird geschrieben.

How it sounds

  • Morgen fahre ich nach Berlin.A future said in the present: morgen marks it.
  • Ich werde dir helfen, versprochen.A promise: here werden really adds something.
  • Er wird schon zu Hause sein.Not future at all: a guess about right now.
  • Das Haus wird gerade gebaut.Here werden builds the passive, visible from the participle.
A calendar, a weather cloud and a magnifying glass represent plan, prediction and assumption.
werden can point forward or mark a context-based assumption.

Check objective 1

View the illustration

A proposed answer is “wird” for this case: “Nächste Woche wird ich von zu Hause arbeiten.”. Choose the only valid form.

Choose an answer

Answer available without interaction

Answer: werde — With ich, Futur I uses werde and the infinitive arbeiten closes the sentence.

With ich, Futur I uses werde and the infinitive arbeiten closes the sentence.

Check objective 2

View the illustration

A proposed answer is “würden” for this case: “Formuliere die Vermutung mit Futur I: Die Gäste sind nicht hier. Sie würden noch im Zug sitzen.”. Choose the only valid form.

Choose an answer

Answer available without interaction

Answer: werden — The sentence makes an assumption about the present; the plural subject die Gäste takes werden.

The sentence makes an assumption about the present; the plural subject die Gäste takes werden.

Check objective 3

View the illustration

A proposed answer is “Morgen die Sitzung wird früher beginnen.” for this case: “Welche Satzstruktur ist im Futur I korrekt?”. Choose the only valid form.

Choose an answer

Answer available without interaction

Answer: Morgen wird die Sitzung früher beginnen. — Finite wird occupies second position and the infinitive beginnen closes the sentence.

Finite wird occupies second position and the infinitive beginnen closes the sentence.

When it doesn't hold

What breaks the rule, said out loud. Hiding it is what makes you feel cheated in the exam.

  • For what will already be finished there is a compound future, rarely used.Bis morgen werde ich es fertig haben.
  • werden on its own, with no infinitive, means to become something.Er wird Arzt.
  • In a subordinate clause werden goes to the end and the infinitive stays before it.Ich glaube, dass er kommen wird.

What your own language pushes you to say

Wrong Ich werde nach Berlin fahren morgen.

Right Morgen fahre ich nach Berlin.

English marks the future on the verb with will or going to, so werden feels compulsory, and the time word ends up at the back as in English. German puts the time word first and drops werden.

Challenge: apply every rule

Solve every case and justify each choice: 1) A proposed answer is “wird” for this case: “Nächste Woche wird ich von zu Hause arbeiten.”. Choose the only valid form. 2) A proposed answer is “würden” for this case: “Formuliere die Vermutung mit Futur I: Die Gäste sind nicht hier. Sie würden noch im Zug sitzen.”. Choose the only valid form. 3) A proposed answer is “Morgen die Sitzung wird früher beginnen.” for this case: “Welche Satzstruktur ist im Futur I korrekt?”. Choose the only valid form.

Answer available without interaction
  • Recognise the pattern taught in “The future with werden: plans, predictions and assumptions” in a short example.
  • Choose the appropriate form from “The future with werden: plans, predictions and assumptions” using explicit evidence.
  • Apply and justify the rule from “The future with werden: plans, predictions and assumptions” in a new case.

Answer: werde · werden · Morgen wird die Sitzung früher beginnen.

With ich, Futur I uses werde and the infinitive arbeiten closes the sentence. The sentence makes an assumption about the present; the plural subject die Gäste takes werden. Finite wird occupies second position and the infinitive beginnen closes the sentence.

Continue along this corridor

Practise this: The future with werden, and why it is hardly ever useddarauf, worauf and verbs with a fixed preposition